Stephen Carlson is Associate Professor of Biblical and Early Christian Studies, Institute for Religion and Critical Inquiry, Australian Catholic University. He is the author of The Gospel Hoax (2005), which debunked the ‘Secret Gospel of Mark’; The Text of Galatians and its History (2015); and Papias of Hierapolis (2021); the most complete edition of the fragments of Papias of Hierapolis, a second-century Christian commentator. He is currently a sub-grant holder with the Templeton Religion Trust project “Paratexts Seeking Understanding” investigating the marginal notes and commentary in Byzantine Greek manuscripts of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite.